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Comparative Study
. 2010 May;164(5):438-43.
doi: 10.1001/archpediatrics.2010.54.

Cortisol production patterns in young children living with birth parents vs children placed in foster care following involvement of Child Protective Services

Kristin Bernard  1 , Zachary Butzin-Dozier, Joseph Rittenhouse, Mary Dozier
Affiliations
Comparative Study

Cortisol production patterns in young children living with birth parents vs children placed in foster care following involvement of Child Protective Services

Kristin Bernard et al. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2010 May.

Abstract

Objective: To examine differences in waking to bedtime cortisol production between children who remained with birth parents vs children placed in foster care following involvement of Child Protective Services (CPS).

Design: Between-subject comparison of cortisol patterns among 2 groups of children.

Setting: Children referred from the child welfare system.

Participants: Three hundred thirty-nine children aged 2.9 to 31.4 months who were living with birth parents (n = 155) or placed in foster care (n = 184) following CPS involvement as well as 96 unmatched children from low-risk environments. Main Exposures Involvement by CPS and foster care. Main Outcome Measure Salivary cortisol samples obtained at waking and bedtime for children on 2 days.

Results: Child Protective Services-involved children who continued to live with birth parents and CPS-involved children placed in foster care differed in cortisol production, with children living with their birth parents showing flatter slopes in waking to bedtime values.

Conclusions: Continuing to live with birth parents following involvement of CPS is associated with greater perturbation to the diurnal pattern of cortisol production than living with foster parents. Foster care may have a regulating influence on children's cortisol among children who have experienced maltreatment.

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Figures

Figure
Figure
Cortisol patterns for Child Protective Services (CPS)–involved children who stayed with birth parents, CPS-involved children placed in foster care, and low-risk children. Cortisol levels were measured as micrograms per deciliter (to convert to nanomoles per liter, multiply by 27.588). Error bars indicate SE.
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