The clinical presentation of acute myocardial infarction predicts the severity of the lesion in the infarct-related artery

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to correlate the clinical presentation of acute myocardial infarction with the patency rate and degree of residual stenosis of the infarct-related artery. One hundred and forty-five patients who underwent angiography after acute myocardial infarction were divided into two groups according to the time of onset of anginal pain prior to infarction. Group A comprised 119 patients, (109 men, 10 women, aged 53 +/- 9 years) who did not experience any symptoms before infarction or with anginal pain of less than 5 days preceding myocardial infarction, and group B 26 patients (all men, aged 54 +/- 12 years) with previous stable angina for greater than or equal to 1 year. Twenty-two days after acute myocardial infarction, 68 of the 145 patients (47%) had a patent infarct-related artery: 64 patients in group A (54%) and four patients in group B (15.4%) (P less than 0.006). Furthermore, 19 patients in group A (16%) and none in group B had less than 70% stenosis in the infarct-related artery (P less than 0.02). The mean residual stenosis in group A was 83.3 +/- 27% whereas in group B it was 98.1 +/- 4% (P less than 0.001). These results indicate that a long-standing history of angina before acute myocardial infarction is often related to a severe pre-existing atheromatous obstruction, which would account for the higher incidence of total coronary occlusion observed in group B. Thus angina of recent onset preceding acute myocardial infarction is associated with a higher patency rate of the infarct-related artery and frequent less than 70% residual lesions.