Reference values for serum creatinine in children younger than 1 year of age

Abstract

Reliable reference values of enzymatically assayed serum creatinine categorized in small age intervals are lacking in young children. The aim of this study was to determine reference values for serum creatinine during the first year of life and study the influence of gender, weight and height on these values. Serum creatinine determinations between 2003 and 2008 were retrieved from the hospital database. Strict exclusion criteria ensured the selection of patients without kidney damage. Correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the relation between height, weight and serum creatinine; the Mann-Whitney test was used to evaluate the relation between gender and serum creatinine. A broken stick model was designed to predict normal serum creatinine values. Mean serum creatinine values were found to decrease rapidly from 55 micromol/L on day 1 to 22 micromol/L in the second month of life; they then stabilized at 20 micromol/L until the seventh month, followed by a slight increase. No significant relation was found between serum creatinine and gender, weight and height. We present here reference values of serum creatinine in infants not at risk of decreased renal function. The absence of a relationship with gender, weight and height confirms that height-based equations to estimate glomerular filtration rate are less useful in patients of this age group.

Fig. 1

Reference values of serum creatinine in children younger than 1 year of age. Symbols Individual serum creatinine value of each patient included in the study, lines geometric mean (middle) and the 2.5th (lower) and 97.5th (upper) percentiles

Fig. 2

Comparison between the results of Pottel et al. [14] (interupted lines) and our results (continuous lines). Continuous lines 97.5th percentile (upper), median (middle) and the 2.5th percentile (lower) of our data. Interrupted lines 97.5th percentile (upper), median (middle) and the 2.5th percentile (lower) of the data of Pottel et al.