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. 2010 Jul;47(7):499-506.
doi: 10.1136/jmg.2009.075143. Epub 2010 May 27.

Novel mutations in the long isoform of the USH2A gene in patients with Usher syndrome type II or non-syndromic retinitis pigmentosa

Terri L McGee  1 , Babak Jian Seyedahmadi, Meredith O Sweeney, Thaddeus P Dryja, Eliot L Berson
Affiliations

Novel mutations in the long isoform of the USH2A gene in patients with Usher syndrome type II or non-syndromic retinitis pigmentosa

Terri L McGee et al. J Med Genet. 2010 Jul.

Abstract

Background: Usher syndrome type II (USH2) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterised by retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss. Mutations in the USH2A gene are the most common cause of USH2 and are also a cause of some forms of RP without hearing loss (ie, non-syndromic RP). The USH2A gene was initially identified as a transcript comprised of 21 exons but subsequently a longer isoform containing 72 exons was identified.

Methods: The 51 exons unique to the long isoform of USH2A were screened for mutations among a core set of 108 patients diagnosed with USH2 and 80 patients with non-syndromic RP who were all included in a previously reported screen of the short isoform of USH2A. For several exons, additional patients were screened.

Results: In total, 35 deleterious mutations were identified including 17 nonsense mutations, 9 frameshift mutations, 5 splice-site mutations, and 4 small in-frame deletions or insertions. Twenty-seven mutations were novel. In addition, 65 rare missense changes were identified. A method of classifying the deleterious effect of the missense changes was developed using the summed results of four different mutation assessment algorithms, SIFT, pMUT, PolyPhen, and AGVGD. This system classified 8 of the 65 changes as 'likely deleterious' and 9 as 'possibly deleterious'.

Conclusion: At least one mutation was identified in 57-63% of USH2 cases and 19-23% of cases of non-syndromic recessive RP (calculated without and including probable/possible deleterious changes) thus supporting that USH2A is the most common known cause of RP in the USA.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic illustration of the USH2A gene and the encoded usherin protein. The location of all deleterious, probably deleterious, and possibly deleterious mutations found in our patients are indicated. The locations of amino acids altered by the missense mutations are also indicated on the schematic representation of the usherin protein.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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