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. 2010 Apr;15(2):130-7.
doi: 10.1111/j.1542-474X.2010.00353.x.

Fragmented QRS in prediction of cardiac deaths and heart failure hospitalizations after myocardial infarction

Petri Korhonen  1 , Terhi Husa, Teijo Konttila, Ilkka Tierala, Markku Mäkijärvi, Heikki Väänänen, Janne Ojanen, Aki Vehtari, Lauri Toivonen
Affiliations

Fragmented QRS in prediction of cardiac deaths and heart failure hospitalizations after myocardial infarction

Petri Korhonen et al. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol. 2010 Apr.

Abstract

Background: Increased QRS fragmentation in visual inspection of 12-lead ECG has shown association with cardiac events in postmyocardial infarction (MI) patients. We investigated user-independent computerized intra-QRS fragmentation analysis in prediction of cardiac deaths and heart failure (HF) hospitalizations after MI.

Methods: Patients (n = 158) with recent MI and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were studied. A 120-lead body surface potential mapping was performed at hospital discharge. Intra-QRS fragmentation was computed as the number of extrema (fragmentation index FI) in QRS. QRS duration (QRSd) was computed for comparison.

Results: During a mean follow-up of 50 months 15 patients suffered cardiac death and 23 were hospitalized for HF. Using the mean + 1 SD as cut-point both parameters were univariate predictors of both end-points. In multivariate analysis including age, gender, LVEF, previous MI, bundle branch block, atrial fibrillation, and diabetes FI was an independent predictor for cardiac deaths (HR 8.7, CI 3.0-25.6) and HF hospitalizations (HR 3.8, CI 1.6-9.3) whereas QRSd only predicted HF hospitalizations (HR 4.6, CI 2.0-10.7). In comparison to QRSd, FI showed better positive (PPA) and equal negative (NPA) predictive accuracy for both end-points, and PPA was further improved when combined to LVEF < 40%. Limiting fragmentation analysis to 12-lead ECG or a randomly selected 8-lead set instead of all 120 leads resulted in an almost similar prediction.

Conclusions: Increased QRS fragmentation in post-MI patients predicts cardiac deaths and HF progression. A computer-based fragmentation analysis is a stronger predictor than QRSd.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
120‐lead body surface potential mapping lead positions (left) and the principle of the intra‐QRS fragmentation analysis (right). After binomial filtering the number of polarity changes or extrema (*) are computed yielding the intra‐QRS fragmentation index FI. The horizontal dashed bars indicate the onset and offset of the filtered QRS.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Receiver‐operator characteristics for fragmentation index FI in predicting cardiac deaths (top) and heart failure hospitalizations (bottom).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Receiver‐operator characteristics for QRS duration in predicting cardiac deaths (top) and heart failure hospitalizations (bottom).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Kaplan‐Meier actuarial curves for cardiac deaths (left) and heart failure hospitalizations (right) based on fragmentation index FI.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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