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Comparative Study
. 2010 Jun 2:11:9.
doi: 10.1186/1471-2369-11-9.

Long-term risk of mortality after acute kidney injury in patients with sepsis: a contemporary analysis

José António Lopes  1 , Paulo Fernandes, Sofia Jorge, Cristina Resina, Carla Santos, Alvaro Pereira, José Neves, Francisco Antunes, António Gomes da Costa
Affiliations
Comparative Study

Long-term risk of mortality after acute kidney injury in patients with sepsis: a contemporary analysis

José António Lopes et al. BMC Nephrol. .

Abstract

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with increased short-term mortality of septic patients; however, the exact influence of AKI on long-term mortality in such patients has not yet been determined.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the impact of AKI, defined by the "Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss of kidney function, End-stage kidney disease" (RIFLE) classification based on creatinine criteria, on 2-year mortality in a cohort of 234 hospital surviving septic patients who had been hospitalized at the Infectious Disease Intensive Care Unit of our Hospital.

Results: Mean-follow-up was 21 +/- 6.4 months. During this period, 32 patients (13.7%) died. At 6 months, 1 and 2 years of follow-up, the cumulative probability of death of patients with previous AKI was 8.3, 16.9 and 34.2%, respectively, as compared with 2.2, 6 and 8.9% in patients without previous AKI (log-rank, P < 0.0001). In the univariate analysis, age (hazard ratio 1.4, 95% CI 1.2-1.7, P < 0.0001), as well as pre-existing cardiovascular disease (hazard ratio 3.6, 95% CI 1.4-9.4, P = 0.009), illness severity as evaluated by nonrenal APACHE II (hazard ratio 1.3, 95% CI 1.1-1.6, P = 0.002), and previous AKI (hazard ratio 4.2, 95% CI 2.1-8.5, P < 0.0001) were associated with increased 2-year mortality, while gender, race, pre-existing hypertension, cirrhosis, HIV infection, neoplasm, and baseline glomerular filtration rate did not. In the multivariate analysis, however, only previous AKI (hazard ratio 3.2, 95% CI 1.6-6.5, P = 0.001) and age (hazard ratio 1.4, 95% CI 1.2-1.6, P < 0.0001) emerged as independent predictors of 2-year mortality.

Conclusions: Acute kidney injury had a negative impact on long-term mortality of patients with sepsis.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Cumulative probability of death. Cumulative probability of death in patients with (green line) and without (blue line) acute kidney injury (AKI) during previous Intensive Care Unit admission; log-rank test, P < 0.0001.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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