Simultaneous inference and bias analysis for longitudinal data with covariate measurement error and missing responses

Abstract

Longitudinal data arise frequently in medical studies and it is common practice to analyze such data with generalized linear mixed models. Such models enable us to account for various types of heterogeneity, including between- and within-subjects ones. Inferential procedures complicate dramatically when missing observations or measurement error arise. In the literature, there has been considerable interest in accommodating either incompleteness or covariate measurement error under random effects models. However, there is relatively little work concerning both features simultaneously. There is a need to fill up this gap as longitudinal data do often have both characteristics. In this article, our objectives are to study simultaneous impact of missingness and covariate measurement error on inferential procedures and to develop a valid method that is both computationally feasible and theoretically valid. Simulation studies are conducted to assess the performance of the proposed method, and a real example is analyzed with the proposed method.