[Gestational diabetes in East Africa: a mostly disregarded disease?]

Abstract

The majority of all deliveries worldwide take place in the so-called developing world. Most recent epidemiological data have shown that the number of cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetes in pregnancy is steadily increasing worldwide. However, little is known about the prevalence of gestational diabetes in East Africa. Intrauterine exposure to the metabolic environment of maternal diabetes increases the risk of altered glucose homeostasis in the offspring, producing a higher prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in the next generation. Our preliminary results from an East African tertiary referral center show that in the year 2007 3.1% of all newborns had a birth weight of more than 4,000 g (mean 4,300 g, range 4,000- 5,600 g). During the same time period, the mean birth weight in the general population was only 3,046 g (range 600-3,200 g). Hence, personal experience in East Africa has convinced the authors that diabetes in pregnancy is grossly neglected. Besides infectious diseases like HIV/AIDS, the African continent is increasingly facing metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetes in pregnancy.