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Multicenter Study
. 2011 Apr;43(4):176-82.
doi: 10.1016/j.aprim.2010.02.008. Epub 2010 May 27.

[To find out the life habits and risk factors of adolescents seen in the Health Centres of two semi-urban populations using a structured open response clinical interview]

[Article in Spanish]
Amador López García  1 , Inmaculada Rodríguez González, Paloma Almagro Martín-Lomeña, Raquel Garófano Gordo, Eva María Fernández Cano, Almudena Maldonado Barrionuevo
Affiliations
Multicenter Study

[To find out the life habits and risk factors of adolescents seen in the Health Centres of two semi-urban populations using a structured open response clinical interview]

[Article in Spanish]
Amador López García et al. Aten Primaria. 2011 Apr.

Abstract
in English, Spanish

Objective: To investigate the habits and risk factors of adolescents from two Health Centres in two semi-urban populations using a structured clinical interview with open questions.

Design: Cross-sectional descriptive study.

Setting: Two semi-urban populations from the Malaga area.

Participants: Adolescents aged between 16 and 18 years old. We selected 5 medical clinics out of the 19 clinics in the Health Centres, using stratified random sampling. A total of 204 adolescents were included, with 62 (30.39%) of them not attending.

Outcomes: 42.3% were overweight or obese. The BMI and MBP ratio was R=0.4 They ate fruit, vegetables or dairy products at least once a day 54.2%, 57.8% and 24.5%, respectively. 32.3% of the male teenagers and 63.5% of females did not exercise regularly. 21.8% were smokers, and this was related to a low socio-economical level (OR: 3.38 P=0.001 95% CI: 1.27 to 9) and with abandoning education (OR: 2.88 P=0.015 CI 95%. 1.20 to 6,86). 56.3% usually drink and this habit was also related to abandoning education. (OR: 3.5 95% CI: 1.43 to 8.94). 10.6% of the teenagers consumed illegal substances and their group of friends in 36.6% of the cases. 12.1% had unprotected sex. 12.4% and 13.4% did not use a crash helmet or seat belt, respectively. 24.2% have driven in a drunken state at some point. 20.4% have felt depressed at least once.

Conclusions: Risk factors and life style habits prevalent in reference to weight, fruit, vegetables and dairy products consumption, sport, smoking, alcohol and depression problems have been similar to the ones found in other studies that have used anonymous surveys. Prevalence of substance abuse has been lower.

Objetivo: Conocer los hábitos y factores de riesgo de adolescentes atendidos por los centros de salud de 2 poblaciones semiurbanas mediante una entrevista clínica estructurada con respuestas abiertas.

Diseño: Estudio descriptivo transversal.

Emplazamiento: Dos poblaciones semiurbanas de la provincia de Málaga.

Participantes: Adolescentes de 16 a 18 años. De los 19 cupos médicos se seleccionaron 5 mediante muestreo aleatorio estratificado por centro de salud. Se incluyeron 204 adolescentes.

Resultados: Tienen sobrepeso u obesidad 42,3%. La relación entre IMC y TAM fue R=0,4. Consumen fruta, verdura o lácteos menos de una vez al día el 54,2%, 57,8% y 24,5% respectivamente. No practican deporte regularmente 32,3 de los hombres y 63,5% de las mujeres. Fuman 21,8% estando asociado al nivel socioeconómico bajo (OR: 3,38 p=0,01 IC95%: 1,27–9) y abandono de los estudios (OR: 2,88 p=0,015 IC95%. 1,20–6,86). Beben el 56,3% estando asociado a haber abandonado los estudios (OR: 3,5 IC95%: 1,43–8,94). Consumían drogas ilegales el 10,6% y su grupo de amigos 36,6%. Mantuvieron relaciones sexuales sin método anticonceptivo 12,1%. No se ponen casco o cinturón el 12,4% y 13,4% respectivamente Han conducido alguna vez bebidos el 24,2%. Se han sentido alguna vez deprimidos el 20,4%.

Conclusiones: Las prevalencias de factores de riesgo y hábitos de vida referidos al peso, consumo de frutas, verduras y lácteos, ejercicio físico, tabaco, alcohol y trastornos de ánimo han sido semejantes a otros estudios que utilizan encuestas anónimas. Las prevalencias de consumo otras drogas ha sido menor.

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Figures

Esquema general del estudio
Esquema general del estudio
Estudio descriptivo transversal para conocer los hábitos de vida y factores de riesgo de los adolescentes mediante entrevista clínica estructurada con respuestas abiertas
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