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Review
. 2011 Mar;27(3):367-83.
doi: 10.1007/s10554-010-9658-4. Epub 2010 Jun 25.

Non-surgical stem cell delivery strategies and in vivo cell tracking to injured myocardium

Tycho I G van der Spoel  1 , Joe Chun-Tsu Lee, Krijn Vrijsen, Joost P G Sluijter, Maarten Jan M Cramer, Pieter A Doevendans, Eric van Belle, Steven A J Chamuleau
Affiliations
Review

Non-surgical stem cell delivery strategies and in vivo cell tracking to injured myocardium

Tycho I G van der Spoel et al. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2011 Mar.

Abstract

Heart failure is a major economic and public health problem. Despite the recent advances in drug therapy and coronary revascularization, the lost cardiomyocytes due to necrosis and apoptosis are not replaced by new myocardial tissue. Cell therapy is an interesting therapeutic option as it potentially improves contractility and restores regional ventricular function. Early clinical data demonstrated that cell transplantation, mainly delivered through non-surgical methods, is safe and feasible. However, several important issues need to be elucidated. This includes, next to determining the best cell type, the optimal delivery strategy, the biodistribution and the survival of implanted stem cells after transplantation. In this view, pre-clinical animal experiments are indispensable. Reporter genes, magnetic or radioactive labeling of stem cells have been developed to observe the fate and the distribution of transplanted cells using non-invasive imaging techniques. Several studies have demonstrated that these direct and non-direct labeling techniques may become an important tool in cell therapy. Integration of cell delivery and cell tracking will probably be a key for the success of cell therapy in patients. This review will provide a comprehensive overview on the various cell tracking and non-surgical cell delivery techniques, which are highly important in view of experimental and clinical studies.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Different methods for non-invasive cell tracking. a MRI magnetic resonance imaging, SPIO super paramagnetic iron oxide; b SPECT single photon emission computer tomography, indium 111 In111, 99Tc 99Technetium, PET positron emission tomography, 18 F FDG 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose; c RPG reporter gene
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
T2* image of SPIO labeled MSC (arrow) after transepicardial injection in healthy myocardium
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
SPECT image of indium111 labeled MSC in the heart after surgical injection in the left ventricle wall in a healthy porcine model
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Schematic overview of the different delivery techniques to the injured myocardium. a Intravenous infusion b Trans-endocardial delivery c Surgical delivery d Intracoronary infusion e Retrograde coronary transvenous injection
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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