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Review
. 2010 Jul;59(7):1561-71.
doi: 10.2337/db10-0076.

Genetics of type 1 diabetes: what's next?

Flemming Pociot  1 , Beena Akolkar, Patrick Concannon, Henry A Erlich, Cécile Julier, Grant Morahan, Concepcion R Nierras, John A Todd, Stephen S Rich, Jørn Nerup
Affiliations
Review

Genetics of type 1 diabetes: what's next?

Flemming Pociot et al. Diabetes. 2010 Jul.
No abstract available

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Figures

FIG. 1.
FIG. 1.
Contribution and frequency of risk alleles dictate mapping strategies. Linkage studies have demonstrated that multifactorial disorders, including type 1 diabetes, cannot be explained by a limited number of rare variants with large effects, and GWA studies have shown that they cannot be explained by a limited number of common variants of moderate effects. Hence, the most significant gap is currently in detecting low-frequency variants with intermediate effects. MAF, minor allele frequency. Adapted from McCarthy et al. (62).
FIG. 2.
FIG. 2.
GWA studies have significantly accelerated the pace of gene discovery in type 1 diabetes. However, most genetic associations discovered currently are weak. Color-coding designates year of discovery of these candidate genes. The y-axis indicates the best estimate of the OR for risk alleles at each of the indicated loci on the basis of currently published data (47). For each genomic region where convincing association with type 1 diabetes has been reported, the gene of interest or containing the most associated SNP is indicated on the x-axis. The majority of these genes are implicated in the immune response, but several of the non-HLA genes are expressed in human pancreatic islets (marked with *) (www.t1dbase.org) (82). (A high-quality digital representation of this figure is available in the online issue.)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Rich SS, Concannon P, Erlich H, Julier C, Morahan G, Nerup J, Pociot F, Todd JA: The Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2006;1079:1–8 - PubMed
    1. Hirschhorn JN: Genetic epidemiology of type 1 diabetes. Pediatr Diabetes 2003;4:87–100 - PubMed
    1. Hyttinen V, Kaprio J, Kinnunen L, Koskenvuo M, Tuomilehto J: Genetic liability of type 1 diabetes and the onset age among 22,650 young Finnish twin pairs: a nationwide follow-up study. Diabetes 2003;52:1052–1055 - PubMed
    1. Concannon P, Erlich HA, Julier C, Morahan G, Nerup J, Pociot F, Todd JA, Rich SSType 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium Type 1 diabetes: evidence for susceptibility loci from four genome-wide linkage scans in 1,435 multiplex families. Diabetes 2005;54:2995–3001 - PubMed
    1. Rich SS: Mapping genes in diabetes: genetic epidemiological perspective. Diabetes 1990;39:1315–1319 - PubMed

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