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. 2010;39(4):522-36.
doi: 10.1080/15374416.2010.486319.

The development of effortful control in children born preterm

Julie Poehlmann  1 , A J Miller Schwichtenberg, Prachi E Shah, Rebecca J Shlafer, Emily Hahn, Sarah Maleck
Affiliations

The development of effortful control in children born preterm

Julie Poehlmann et al. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2010.

Abstract

This prospective longitudinal study examined emerging effortful control skills at 24- and 36-months postterm in 172 children born preterm (<36 weeks gestation). Infant (neonatal health risks), family (sociodemographic risks), and maternal risk factors (depressive symptoms, anger expressions during play interactions) were assessed at six time points across 3 years. In addition, children's emerging effortful control skills, cognitive development, and mother-reported behavior and attention problems were assessed at 24 and 36 months. Analyses documented links between effortful control skills, cognitive skills, and concurrent attention problems in children born preterm. The study also found that preterm children's effortful control skills improved over time. In addition, neonatal health risks, family sociodemographic risks, and angry parenting interactions were associated with less optimal effortful control skills.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Statistically Significant Paths for (a) Cognitive Development, (b) Externalizing Problems,(c) Attention Problems, and (d) ADHD Symptoms with Standardized Path Estimates.
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