Impact of weight on the efficacy and safety of ustekinumab in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis: rationale for dosing recommendations

Abstract

Background: Patients with psoriasis tend to be overweight, and the efficacy of fixed-dose biologics may be compromised by high body weight.

Objective: We sought to determine whether the optimal dose of ustekinumab is affected by weight in patients with psoriasis.

Methods: Patients were randomized in two phase III trials (PHOENIX 1 and 2) to receive 45 mg or 90 mg of ustekinumab every 12 weeks (n = 1331) or placebo with crossover to ustekinumab at week 12 (n = 665). Efficacy and serum ustekinumab concentrations were to be evaluated by 10-kg increments of body weight at week 28 (steady-state trough level).

Results: Mean baseline weight was 93.9 and 91.0 kg in PHOENIX 1 and 2, respectively. Based on the analyses by 10-kg increments, a cutoff of 100 kg was determined to best differentiate the dose response. The proportion of patients with at least 75% improvement from baseline in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index score was 74.2% for 90 mg and 54.6% for 45 mg in heavier patients (> 100 kg), but the proportion with a response of at least 75% improvement from baseline in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index score was similar between doses (80.8% vs 76.9%) in lighter patients (≤ 100 kg). Serum ustekinumab concentrations were also affected by weight, with lower serum concentrations observed in heavier patients at each dose. Safety was not affected by weight.

Limitations: Low numbers of patients at the extremes of body weight may limit the analyses of these subgroups.

Conclusion: Results of weight-based analyses of clinical and pharmacokinetic data indicate that fixed dosing of ustekinumab based on weight is appropriate for the treatment of patients with psoriasis.