Rate-dependent impairments in repetitive finger movements in patients with Parkinson's disease are not due to peripheral fatigue

Abstract

Performance of repetitive finger movements is an important clinical measure of disease severity in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and is associated with a dramatic deterioration in performance at movement rates near 2 Hz and above. The mechanisms contributing to this rate-dependent movement impairment are poorly understood. Since clinical and experimental testing of these movements involve prolonged repetition of movement, a loss of force-generating capacity due to peripheral fatigue may contribute to performance deterioration. This study examined the contribution of peripheral fatigue to the performance of unconstrained index finger flexion movements by measuring maximum voluntary contractions (MVC) immediately before and after repetitive finger movements in patients with PD (both off- and on-medication) and matched control subjects. Movement performance was quantified using finger kinematics, maximum force production, and electromyography (EMG). The principal finding was that peak force and EMG activity during the MVC did not significantly change from the pre- to post-movement task in patients with PD despite the marked deterioration in movement performance of repetitive finger movements. These findings show that the rate-dependent deterioration of repetitive finger movements in PD cannot be explained by a loss of force-generating capacity due to peripheral fatigue, and further suggest that mechanisms contributing to impaired isometric force production in PD are different from those that mediate impaired performance of high-rate repetitive movements.

FIG. 1

Paradigm and raw position data shown from one subject with PD off and on levodopa, and one control subject. Arrows indicate where movement performance deteriorated.

FIG. 2

Mean and standard error for (A) movement rate, and (B) normalized peak to peak amplitude. * = PD_OFF and controls, # = PD_ON and controls, */# p < 0.05, **/## p < 0.01.

FIG. 3

Force trace data shown from one subject with PD off and on levodopa, and one control subject for each condition.

FIG. 4

Mean and standard error for (A) peak force, and (B) peak FDI area.