Expression of antimicrobial peptide genes in Bombyx mori gut modulated by oral bacterial infection and development
- PMID: 20600274
- DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2010.06.013
Expression of antimicrobial peptide genes in Bombyx mori gut modulated by oral bacterial infection and development
Abstract
Although Bombyx mori systematic immunity is extensively studied, little is known about the silkworm's intestine-specific responses to bacterial infection. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) gene expression analysis of B. mori intestinal tissue to oral infection with the Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and -negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria revealed that there is specificity in the interaction between host immune responses and parasite types. Neither Att1 nor Leb could be stimulated by S. aureus and E. coli. However, CecA1, Glo1, Glo2, Glo3, Glo4 and Lys, could only be trigged by S. aureus. On the contrary, E. coli stimulation caused the decrease in the expression of CecA1, Glo3 and Glo4 in some time points. Interestingly, there is regional specificity in the silkworm local gut immunity. During the immune response, the increase in Def, Hem and LLP3 was only detected in the foregut and midgut. For CecB1, CecD, LLP2 and Mor, after orally administered with E. coli, the up-regulation was only limited in the midgut and hindgut. CecE was the only AMP that positively responses to the both bacteria in all the testing situations. With development, the expression levels of the AMPs were also changed dramatically. That is, at spinning and prepupa stages, a large increase in the expression of CecA1, CecB1, CecD, CecE, Glo1, Glo2, Glo3, Glo4, Leb, Def, Hem, Mor and Lys was detected in the gut. Unexpectedly, in addition to the IMD pathway genes, the Toll and JAK/STAT pathway genes in the silkworm gut can also be activated by microbial oral infection. But in the developmental course, corresponding to the increase in expression of AMPs at spinning and prepupa stages, only the Toll pathway genes in the gut exhibit the similar increasing trend. Our results imply that the immune responses in the silkworm gut are synergistically regulated by the Toll, JAK/STAT and IMD pathways. However, as the time for approaching pupation, the Toll pathway may play a role in the AMPs expression.
Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Similar articles
-
Gene expression profiling provides insights into the immune mechanism of Plutella xylostella midgut to microbial infection.Gene. 2018 Mar 20;647:21-30. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.01.001. Epub 2018 Jan 3. Gene. 2018. PMID: 29305978
-
BmToll9, an Arthropod conservative Toll, is likely involved in the local gut immune response in the silkworm, Bombyx mori.Dev Comp Immunol. 2010 Feb;34(2):93-6. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2009.08.010. Epub 2009 Sep 6. Dev Comp Immunol. 2010. PMID: 19723534
-
Activation of immune-associated phospholipase A2 is functionally linked to Toll/Imd signal pathways in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum.Dev Comp Immunol. 2010 May;34(5):530-7. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2009.12.013. Epub 2010 Jan 4. Dev Comp Immunol. 2010. PMID: 20043940
-
Invertebrates as animal models for Staphylococcus aureus pathogenesis: a window into host-pathogen interaction.FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2005 Mar 1;43(3):311-23. doi: 10.1016/j.femsim.2004.11.003. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2005. PMID: 15708304 Review.
-
Immune responses to bacterial and fungal infections in the silkworm, Bombyx mori.Dev Comp Immunol. 2018 Jun;83:3-11. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2017.12.024. Epub 2017 Dec 28. Dev Comp Immunol. 2018. PMID: 29289612 Review.
Cited by
-
Evaluation of Reference Genes for Reverse Transcription Quantitative PCR Studies of Physiological Responses in the Ghost Moth, Thitarodes armoricanus (Lepidoptera, Hepialidae).PLoS One. 2016 Jul 8;11(7):e0159060. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159060. eCollection 2016. PLoS One. 2016. PMID: 27392023 Free PMC article.
-
Lepidopteran insects: emerging model organisms to study infection by enteropathogens.Folia Microbiol (Praha). 2023 Apr;68(2):181-196. doi: 10.1007/s12223-022-01014-y. Epub 2022 Nov 22. Folia Microbiol (Praha). 2023. PMID: 36417090 Review.
-
Transcriptional profiling of midgut immunity response and degeneration in the wandering silkworm, Bombyx mori.PLoS One. 2012;7(8):e43769. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043769. Epub 2012 Aug 24. PLoS One. 2012. PMID: 22937093 Free PMC article.
-
Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera) Larval Midgut Response to BmNPV in Susceptible and Near-Isogenic Resistant Strains.PLoS One. 2016 May 11;11(5):e0155341. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155341. eCollection 2016. PLoS One. 2016. PMID: 27168061 Free PMC article.
-
Antimicrobial peptides from Bombyx mori: a splendid immune defense response in silkworms.RSC Adv. 2020 Jan 2;10(1):512-523. doi: 10.1039/c9ra06864c. eCollection 2019 Dec 20. RSC Adv. 2020. PMID: 35492565 Free PMC article. Review.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Medical
Research Materials
Miscellaneous