Cross reactions of normal bovine sera with foot-and-mouth disease virus: incidence, duration, and effect of shipping stress

Abstract

Serum samples were obtained from 30 Hereford steers in an area known to be free of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) viruses as follows: before shipment and 4 times during a 70-day period after shipment; the sera were tested for the presence of cross-reacting antibody to various viruses. Percentages of sera containing cross-reacting antibody to FMD virus detected by the plaque-reduction neutralization and the radial immunodiffusion techniques were higher for the FMD viruses Asia and SAT I5 than for the FMD viruses A5, O1, and C1. Cross-reacting antibody was usually of low titer and usually present in only 1 or 2 consecutive serum samples. The incidence of cross reactions increased after stress of shipping and thus an infective agent may be responsible. These results were compared with results from sera collected from Herefords and Holstein-Friesians in a 2nd area; results did not indicate that Herefords have an excess of cross reactions with FMD viruses.