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. 2003 Oct;49(3):396-413.
doi: 10.1016/S0749-596X(03)00072-X.

Rapid access to speech gestures in perception: Evidence from choice and simple response time tasks

Carol A Fowler  1 , Julie M Brown, Laura Sabadini, Jeffrey Weihing
Affiliations

Rapid access to speech gestures in perception: Evidence from choice and simple response time tasks

Carol A Fowler et al. J Mem Lang. 2003 Oct.

Abstract

Participants took part in two speech tests. In both tests, a model speaker produced vowel-consonant-vowels (VCVs) in which the initial vowel varied unpredictably in duration. In the simple response task, participants shadowed the initial vowel; when the model shifted to production of any of three CVs (/pa/, /ta/ or /ka/), participants produced a CV that they were assigned to say (one of /pa/, /ta/ or /ka/). In the choice task, participants shadowed the initial vowel; when the model shifted to a CV, participants shadowed that too. We found that, measured from the model's onset of closure for the consonant to the participant's closure onset, response times in the choice task exceeded those in the simple task by just 26 ms. This is much shorter than the canonical difference between simple and choice latencies [100-150 ms according to Luce (1986)] and is near the fastest simple times that Luce reports. The findings imply rapid access to articulatory speech information in the choice task. A second experiment found much longer choice times when the perception-production link for speech could not be exploited. A third experiment and an acoustic analysis verified that our measurement from closure in Experiment 1 provided a valid marker of speakers' onsets of consonant production. A final experiment showed that shadowing responses are imitations of the model's speech. We interpret the findings as evidence that listeners rapidly extract information about speakers' articulatory gestures.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Simple response times in Experiment 1 as a function of match or mismatch between the model’s and the participant’s response consonant.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Histograms of latency differences between participant closure and model closure and between participant closure and model release.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Mean VOTs (and standard errors) of participants’ voiceless stops, presented separately for the original and extended conditions and for the consonants, /p/, /t/, and /k/.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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