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. 2010 Jul;4(4):231-4.
doi: 10.1111/j.1750-2659.2010.00141.x.

Lessons from the first year of the WAIVE study investigating the protective effect of influenza vaccine against laboratory-confirmed influenza in hospitalised children aged 6-59 months

Gabriela A Dixon  1 , Hannah C Moore, Heath Kelly, Peter Jacoby, Dale Carcione, Simon Williams, David Smith, Anthony D Keil, Paul Van Buynder, Peter C Richmond; WAIVE study team
Collaborators, Affiliations

Lessons from the first year of the WAIVE study investigating the protective effect of influenza vaccine against laboratory-confirmed influenza in hospitalised children aged 6-59 months

Gabriela A Dixon et al. Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2010 Jul.

Abstract

Background: Influenza is major cause of paediatric hospitalisation. Influenza vaccine was offered to all children aged 6-59 months resident in Western Australia in 2008, and we wished to evaluate the effectiveness of this immunisation programme.

Objectives: To assess the practicalities of a nested matched case-control design to estimate the protective effect of inactivated influenza vaccination in hospitalised children aged 6-59 months.

Methods: Cases were hospitalised children with laboratory-confirmed influenza, while matched controls were recruited from children admitted for an acute non-respiratory illness. We estimated influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) against influenza as 1--the adjusted odds ratio from multivariate logistic regression.

Results: The 2008 influenza season was characterised by a late peak and a predominance of influenza virus B. We recruited 26 hospitalised patients with laboratory-confirmed influenza and 50 matched controls. The proportion of cases who were fully vaccinated was 7% versus 30% of controls giving an adjusted VE of 83% (95% CI--54 to 98).

Conclusions: Recruiting sufficient controls was problematic and in the future, we will select controls hospitalised for an influenza-like-illness but influenza negative by laboratory PCR testing. The VE estimate was high but non-significant, reflecting the low number of cases.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic representation of WAIVE study design for hospitalised patients.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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