The approach to pediatric cough

Abstract

Objective: To provide an overview of pediatric cough, with specific emphasis on various causes, to aid in diagnosis and treatment.

Data sources: Relevant articles and references published between January 1, 1961, and May 1, 2009, were found through a PubMed search using the following keywords: pediatric cough and cough in children.

Study selection: All key relevant articles and textbook sections were reviewed, and the most relevant were selected for inclusion in this review.

Results: Although asthma, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and postnasal drip can be causes of cough in children, it is important to think of other potential causes, such as bronchitis, postviral cough, and foreign-body inhalation. Testing and treatment for cough will vary, depending on the presentation and diagnosis. Just as in adults, in children, the cause of cough can be multifactorial.

Conclusions: Pediatric cough is commonly encountered by primary care physicians and allergists. Physicians should be aware of the various potential causes of cough in children to properly determine the cause so that testing and treatment can proceed appropriately.