Key beliefs for targeted interventions to increase physical activity in children: analyzing data from an extended version of the theory of planned behaviour

Abstract

Given the high prevalence of overweight and low levels of physical activity among children, a better understanding of physical activity behaviour is an important step in intervention planning. This study, based on the theory of planned behaviour, was conducted among 313 fifth graders and their parents. Children completed a computer-based questionnaire to evaluate theoretical constructs and behaviour. Additional information was obtained from parents by means of a questionnaire. Correlates of children's physical activity were intention and self-identity. Determinants of intention were self-efficacy, self-identity, and attitude. Parental variables were mediated through cognitions. Among girls, practicing sedentary activities was an additional negative determinant of intention. Key beliefs of boys and girls were related to time management and difficulties associated with physical activity. For girls, social identification as an active girl was another important belief related to positive intention. This study provides theory-based information for the development of more effective interventions aimed at promoting physical activity among children.

Figure 1

Final model explaining children's physical activity behaviour and intention. *P < .05; **P < .01; ***P < .001, B: Estimates; CI_95%: Bias corrected and accelerated confidence interval; β: Standardised betas.