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. 2010 Apr 27;15(5):2980-93.
doi: 10.3390/molecules15052980.

UV-B induced changes in the secondary metabolites of Morus alba L. leaves

Xi-Da Gu  1 , Ming-Yao Sun, Lin Zhang, Hong-Wei Fu, Lei Cui, Run-Ze Chen, Da-Wei Zhang, Jing-Kui Tian
Affiliations

UV-B induced changes in the secondary metabolites of Morus alba L. leaves

Xi-Da Gu et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation is harmful to plants and human beings. Many secondary metabolites, like flavonoids, alkaloids, and lignin, are UV-B absorbing compounds, which can protect the genetic material of plants. Furthermore, they are active components of herbal drugs. UV-B radiation can activate the self-protective secondary metabolism system. The results of this paper provide a method to induce bioactive secondary metabolites from mulberry leaves (Morus alba L.) by UV-B irradiation in vitro. Five significantly different chromatographic peaks were found by HPLC fingerprint after induction, from which two active compounds were identified: One was chalcomoracin, a natural Diels-Alder type adduct with antibacterial activity; the other one was moracin N, which is a precursor of chalcomoracin. Their contents were 0.818 mg/g and 0.352 mg/g by dry weight, respectively.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(a) The analyses of sample solutions in HPLC fingerprint. HPLC chromatograms of the control/induced mulberry leaves’ extract. The blue curve representsthe induced sample, and the black curve represents the control sample. A 250 mm WatersSymmetry C18 column was utilized for this experiment. (b) Spectrogram of each target compound. Five significantly different chromatographic peaks were found by HPLC fingerprint after induction.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(a) Induced result of different months detected by HPLC fingerprint.HPLC chromatograms of the induced mulberry leaves’ extract obtained in different months. The black curve represents the sample of Apr, the blue curve represents the sample of Aug, and the green curve represents the sample of Nov. A 250 mm Waters Symmetry C18 column was utilized for this experiment. (b) Comparison of peak areas of five induced compounds in different months (Apr/Aug/Nov).
Figure 3
Figure 3
(a) Induced result of different time-period detected by HPLC fingerprint. HPLC chromatograms of the mulberry leaves’ extract induced by different time lengths. The black curve represents the sample of 30min, the blue curve represents the sample of 60 min, and the green curve represents the sample of 120 min. A 250 mm Waters Symmetry C18 column was utilized for this experiment. (b) Comparison of peak areas of five induced compounds in different time lengths (Apr/Aug/Nov).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Chemical structure of chalcomoracin identified in induced mulberry leaves (Peak 5).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Chemical structure of moracin N identified in induced mulberry leaves (Peak 3).
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