Mineral composition of Italian salami and effect of NaCl partial replacement on compositional, physico-chemical and sensory parameters

Abstract

In 2008 the European Commission developed an EU framework for dietary sodium chloride (NaCl) reduction in order to achieve the World Health Organization recommendations for no more than 5 g/day/person. This initiative is based on four elements: investigate the national data available on NaCl consumption and current NaCl levels of foods, develop actions to raise public awareness, develop reformulation actions with industry/catering, monitor and evaluate actions and reformulations. The initiative is working towards a reduction in NaCl of 16% over 4 years against the 2008 levels and is concentrated on meat products, bread, cheese, and ready meals. In this context, NaCl content and mineral composition of commercial Italian salami were investigated to provide information on their current mineral levels. Moreover, a technological intervention based on NaCl partial replacement by other chloride salts was investigated on Cacciatore salami, a typical Italian dry fermented sausage, as a strategy to decrease the sodium (Na) content of cured meat products. The effect of NaCl partial replacement by KCl, MgCl2, and CaCl2 in some compositional, physicochemical, and sensory properties of Cacciatore salami was evaluated. A 50% reduction of NaCl used for salami manufacture and its replacement by a mixture of KCl, CaCl2, and MgCl2 allowed a 40% lowering of Na content with limited detrimental effects on sensory attributes. Although no effects were observed on pH, water activity, proximate, and free fatty acid composition in reduced sodium Cacciatore salami formulation compared to the traditional one, the NaCl partial replacement induced a significant increase of lipid oxidation.