doi: 10.1155/2010/474838.
Epub 2010 Jul 25.
Pain in children: assessment and nonpharmacological management
Affiliations
- PMID: 20706640
- PMCID: PMC2913812
- DOI: 10.1155/2010/474838
Item in Clipboard
Pain in children: assessment and nonpharmacological management
Int J Pediatr.
2010.
Abstract
Pain perception in children is complex, and is often difficult to assess. In addition, pain management in children is not always optimized in various healthcare settings, including emergency departments. A review of pain assessment scales that can be used in children across all ages, and a discussion of the importance of pain in control and distraction techniques during painful procedures are presented. Age specific nonpharmacological interventions used to manage pain in children are most effective when adapted to the developmental level of the child. Distraction techniques are often provided by nurses, parents or child life specialists and help in pain alleviation during procedures.
Similar articles
-
The experiences of acute non-surgical pain of children who present to a healthcare facility for treatment: a systematic review protocol.JBI Database System Rev Implement Rep. 2015 Oct;13(10):12-20. doi: 10.11124/jbisrir-2015-2466. JBI Database System Rev Implement Rep. 2015. PMID: 26571278
-
Paediatric Pain Medicine: Pain Differences, Recognition and Coping Acute Procedural Pain in Paediatric Emergency Room.Medicina (Kaunas). 2018 Nov 27;54(6):94. doi: 10.3390/medicina54060094. Medicina (Kaunas). 2018. PMID: 30486427 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Parents' treatment of their children's pain at home: pharmacological and nonpharmacological approaches.J Pediatr Health Care. 2014 Mar-Apr;28(2):136-47. doi: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2012.12.007. Epub 2013 Feb 16. J Pediatr Health Care. 2014. PMID: 23419506
-
Parents' use of nonpharmacological methods to alleviate children's postoperative pain at home.J Adv Nurs. 2003 Feb;41(4):367-75. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.2003.02536.x. J Adv Nurs. 2003. PMID: 12581102
-
Reducing pain and distress related to needle procedures in children with cancer: A clinical practice guideline.Eur J Cancer. 2020 May;131:53-67. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2020.02.039. Epub 2020 Apr 14. Eur J Cancer. 2020. PMID: 32302949
Cited by
-
Assessing an active distracting technique during primary mandibular molar pulpotomy (randomized controlled trial).Clin Exp Dent Res. 2023 Apr;9(2):283-289. doi: 10.1002/cre2.702. Epub 2022 Dec 8. Clin Exp Dent Res. 2023. PMID: 36478192 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
-
Associations between attachment and pain: From infant to adolescent.SAGE Open Med. 2019 Sep 19;7:2050312119877771. doi: 10.1177/2050312119877771. eCollection 2019. SAGE Open Med. 2019. PMID: 31555442 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Assessment of pain in paediatric dental patients during administration of local anesthesia with and without the use of audiovisual distraction.Dent Res J (Isfahan). 2023 Jan 18;20:7. eCollection 2023. Dent Res J (Isfahan). 2023. PMID: 36820143 Free PMC article.
-
Content validity of a novel patient-reported and observer-reported outcomes assessment to evaluate ocular symptoms associated with infectious conjunctivitis in both adult and pediatric populations.Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2019 Oct 30;17(1):163. doi: 10.1186/s12955-019-1223-9. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2019. PMID: 31666074 Free PMC article.
-
Assessment of perceived distress due to nasopharyngeal swab collection in healthy Indian infants participating in a clinical trial.Paediatr Neonatal Pain. 2021 Dec 26;3(4):170-175. doi: 10.1002/pne2.12068. eCollection 2021 Dec. Paediatr Neonatal Pain. 2021. PMID: 35548556 Free PMC article.
References
-
- Morton NS. Pain assessment in children. Paediatric Anaesthesia. 1997;7(4):267–272. - PubMed
-
- McGrath PJ, Frager G. Psychological barriers to optimal pain management in infants and children. The Clinical Journal of Pain. 1996;12(2):135–141. - PubMed
-
- Hagan JF, Jr., Coleman WL, Foy JM, et al. The assessment and management of acute pain in infants, children, and adolescents. Pediatrics. 2001;108(3):793–797. - PubMed
-
- Abu-Saad HH, Hamers JPH. Decision-making and paediatric pain: a review. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 1997;26(5):946–952. - PubMed
-
- McGrath PJ, Unruh AM. Measurement and assessment of paediatric pain. In: Wall PD, Melzack R, editors. Textbook of Pain. 4th edition. New York, NY, USA: Churchill Livingstone; 1999. pp. 371–384.
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Medical
