[Adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis]

Abstract

Adenovirus keratoconjunctivitis is caused by numerous types of adenovirus with different clinical presentations. The most frequent is epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC), but follicular conjunctivitis and pharyngoconjunctival fever are also possible. The virus is very resistant to desiccation and it is transmitted by direct contact. On the conjunctiva, the symptoms will be those of any conjunctivitis. On the cornea, remnants of viral proteins will remain on the surface of the Bowman layer. Immune reaction against these remnants will lead to the formation of subepithelial infiltrates. The diagnosis is mainly clinical, with laboratory tests only rarely contributing information rapidly. There is no other treatment than symptomatic eyedrops. The major sequelae are subepithelial infiltrates, which are difficult to treat. The use of topical steroids is discussed at all stages of the disease. Prevention is the most important action of the ophthalmologist in this viral infection.