Randomised controlled trial evaluating the role of tirofiban in high-risk non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes: an East Indian perspective

Abstract

Introduction: Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors such as tirofiban inhibit platelet aggregation. We evaluated the immediate and early outcomes in patients with high-risk non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE ACS) who received tirofiban with conventional therapy compared to patients who received only conventional therapy (a combination of aspirin, clopidogrel, low-molecular-weight heparin with or without beta-blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors).

Methods: A total of 165 patients received conventional therapy with a placebo, and 136 patients received conventional therapy with tirofiban after randomisation. The outcomes were measured on Day 7, Day 14, one month and three months after the administration of therapy.

Results: A significant reduction was noted in the occurrence of primary endpoints in patients receiving tirofiban, compared to those who received a placebo at seven days (14 versus 32; p-value is 0.036), 14 days (14 versus 28; p-value is 0.043), one month (19 versus 34; p-value is 0.01) and three months (30 versus 44; p-value is less than 0.001) after administration. There was a significant reduction in the occurrence of fatal myocardial infarction (MI) (1 versus 8; p-value is 0.044) and non-fatal MI at Day 7 (1 versus 8; p-value is 0.044), and refractory ischaemia at the end of one month (14 versus 24; p-value is 0.04) and three months (25 versus 36; p-value is less than 0.01) in patients receiving tirofiban as compared to those receiving a placebo.

Conclusion: It may be concluded that tirofiban has a definite role in improving the outcome of patients with high-risk NSTE ACS.