Genome-wide association studies on IgE regulation: are genetics of IgE also genetics of atopic disease?

Abstract

Purpose of review: Total IgE levels are considered a useful endophenotype for studying the genetics of atopic diseases. However, the role and significance of genetic factors influencing IgE regulation for atopic diseases as endpoints is unclear.

Recent findings: Recently, genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have been applied to atopic traits with considerable success. A total of seven published GWASs on asthma, one GWAS on eczema, and one GWAS on total IgE have reported 11 new loci. Most of these loci appear to be trait-specific. A notable exception is the Th2 cytokine cluster, where genetic variation seems to be relevant across atopic phenotypes.

Summary: GWASs have identified several novel asthma and eczema loci as well as novel loci for IgE levels. In this review, we evaluate the interrelation between these loci and summarize to which degree recent findings on IgE reflect genetic vulnerability for atopic disease.