Dyslipidemia in a cohort of HIV-infected Latin American children receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy

Abstract

In order to describe the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia in a cohort of HIV-infected children and adolescents in Latin America and to determine associations with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), we performed this cross-sectional analysis within the NICHD International Site Development Initiative pediatric cohort study. Eligible children had to be at least 2 years of age and be on HAART. Among the 477 eligible HIV-infected youth, 98 (20.5%) had hypercholesterolemia and 140 (29.4%) had hypertriglyceridemia. In multivariable analyses, children receiving protease inhibitor (PI)-containing HAART were at increased risk for hypercholesterolemia [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3-5.6] and hypertriglyceridemia (AOR = 3.5, 95% CI 1.9-6.4) compared with children receiving non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-containing HAART. In conclusion, HIV-infected youth receiving PI-containing HAART in this Latin American cohort were at increased risk for hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia compared with those receiving NNRTI-containing HAART.

Fig. 1.

Derivation of study population.

Fig. 2.

(a) Cholesterol levels according to type of HAART regimen. Comparison of means p < 0.0001. (b) Triglyceride levels according to type of HAART regimen. Comparison of means p < 0.0001. The horizontal line within the box represents the median value and the dot represents the mean value. The top and bottom horizontal lines that make up the box represent the third and first quartiles, respectively. The vertical line extending out of the box represents the overall range (maximum and minimum) of values.