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Review
. 2011 Apr;90(4):402-16.
doi: 10.1177/0022034510381263. Epub 2010 Oct 5.

Recent advances and developments in composite dental restorative materials

N B Cramer  1 , J W Stansbury, C N Bowman
Affiliations
Review

Recent advances and developments in composite dental restorative materials

N B Cramer et al. J Dent Res. 2011 Apr.

Abstract

Composite dental restorations represent a unique class of biomaterials with severe restrictions on biocompatibility, curing behavior, esthetics, and ultimate material properties. These materials are presently limited by shrinkage and polymerization-induced shrinkage stress, limited toughness, the presence of unreacted monomer that remains following the polymerization, and several other factors. Fortunately, these materials have been the focus of a great deal of research in recent years with the goal of improving restoration performance by changing the initiation system, monomers, and fillers and their coupling agents, and by developing novel polymerization strategies. Here, we review the general characteristics of the polymerization reaction and recent approaches that have been taken to improve composite restorative performance.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Polymerization kinetic behavior of various methacrylate monomer formulations. (a) Methacrylate conversion vs. time and (b) storage modulus as a function of polymerization time for BisGMA-based resins with various reactive diluents present in different amounts. Samples contain 0.3 wt% Irgacure 819 and were irradiated at 7 mW/cm2 with a Demetron Optilux 501 dental curing lamp.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Various silane modifiers used to induce enhanced dispersion, coupling, and copolymerization in filled composite restorative materials.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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