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. 2011:2011:389021.
doi: 10.1155/2011/389021. Epub 2010 Oct 10.

Lipid mediators and human leukemic blasts

Rémi Fiancette  1 , Christelle Vincent-Fabert, Estelle Guerin, Franck Trimoreau, Yves Denizot
Affiliations

Lipid mediators and human leukemic blasts

Rémi Fiancette et al. J Oncol. 2011.

Abstract

Some of the most potent inflammatory mediators share a lipid origin. They regulate a wide spectrum of cellular processes including cell proliferation and apoptosis. However, the precise roles and ways (if any) in which these compounds impact the growth and apoptosis of leukemic blasts remain incompletely resolved. In spite of this, significant advances have been recently made. Here we briefly review the current knowledge about the production of lipid mediators (prostaglandins, leukotrienes, platelet-activating factor) by leukemic blasts, the enzymatic activities (phospholipase A(2), cyclooxygenases, lipoxygenases) involved in their productions and their effects (through specific membrane bound receptors) on the growth, and apoptosis of leukemic blasts.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Simplified representation of the pathways involved in eicosanoid and platelet-activating factor formation and signal transduction. Enzymatic activities and receptors are in rectangles and ovals, respectively. PLA2, phospholipase A2; COX, cyclooxygenase; LOX, lipoxygenase; PGH2, prostaglandin H2; PGE2, prostaglandin E2; PGI2, prostacyclin; TXA2, thromboxane A2; HPETE, hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid; LTB4, leukotriene B4; HETE, hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid; PAF, platelet-activating factor; PAFR, PAF receptor; EP1-4, subtype 1–4 of the PGE2 receptor; IP, PGI2 receptor; TXA2R, TXA2 receptor; BLT1-2, subtype 1 and 2 of the LTB4 receptor.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Simplified representation of the relationships between lipid mediators and leukemic blasts. Leukemic cells express several cPLA2 and sPLA2. COX activities can metabolise AA into PGE2 and TXA2. LOX activities can metabolise AA into LTB4 and 12-HETE. Leukemic cells can release PAF. Functional TXA2, IP, EP2, PAF, and PLA2 receptors are found on leukemic cells. BLT1 and BLT2 transcripts are detected suggesting (?) LTB4 receptors. The immunoregulatory effects of lipid mediators are currently speculative except for the role of PGE2 on AML blast growth. Related references are in square brackets.
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