Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2011 Feb;15(1):32-7.
doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.10.006. Epub 2010 Oct 29.

Chemical methods to detect S-nitrosation

Hua Wang  1 , Ming Xian
Affiliations
Review

Chemical methods to detect S-nitrosation

Hua Wang et al. Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2011 Feb.

Abstract

Nitric oxide (NO) is a cell-signaling molecule involved in a number of physiological and pathophysiological processes. Modification of cysteine residues by NO (or NO metabolites), that is S-nitrosation, changes the function of a broad spectrum of proteins. This reaction represents an important post-translational modification that transduces NO-dependent signals. However, the detection and quantification of S-nitrosation in biological samples remain a challenge mainly because of the lability of S-nitrosation products: S-nitrosothiols (SNO). In this review we summarize recent developments of the methods to detect S-nitrosation. Our focus is on the methods which can be used to directly conjugate the site(s) of S-nitrosation.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Common methods for SNO detection
Figure 2
Figure 2
Biotin switch based methods for SNO detection. (a) Original biotin switch. (b) Resin assisted capture. (c) Fluorescence switch. (d) Microarray based assay. R shown here indicates thiol blocking groups.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Phosphine based methods for SNO detection. (a) Reductive ligation. (b) Bis-ligation. (c) One-step disulfide formation. (d) Reductive elimination. (e) S-alkylphosphonium formation. R shown here indicates different S-nitrosothiol substrates, mainly cysteine derivatives. R′ indicates aryl or alkyl substituent groups.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Gladwin MT, Wang X, Hogg N. Methodological vexation about thiol oxidation versus S-nitrosation-A commentary on “An ascorbate-dependent artifact that interferes with the interpretation of the biotin-switch assay”. Free Radic Biol Med. 561;2006:41–557. The authors point out possible problems of the biotin switch method and suggest that careful control experiments be necessary when biotin switch is used to analyze protein S-nitrosation. - PubMed
    1. Gow A, Doctor A, Mannick J, Gaston B. S-Nitrosothiol measurement in biological systems. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol biomed Life Sci. 2007;851:140–151. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Giustarini D, Milzani A, Dale-Donne I, Rossi R. Detection of s-nitrosothiol in biological fluids: a comparison among the most widely applied methodologies. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol biomed Life Sci. 2007;851:124–139. - PubMed
    1. Kettenhofen NJ, Broniowska KA, Keszler A, Zhang Y, Hogg N. Proteomic methods for analysis of S-nitrosation. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol biomed Life Sci. 2007;851:152–159. - PMC - PubMed
    1. MacArthur PH, Shiva S, Galdwin MT. Measurement of circulating nitrite and S-nitrosothiols by reductive chemiluminescence. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol biomed Life Sci. 2007;851:93–105. - PubMed

Publication types

LinkOut - more resources