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. 2010 Nov;70(5):664-73.
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03742.x.

Atenolol blunts blood pressure increase during dynamic resistance exercise in hypertensives

Ricardo S Gomides  1 , Luiz A R Costa, Dinoélia R Souza, Andréia C C Queiroz, João R C Fernandes, Kátia C Ortega, Décio Mion Junior, Taís Tinucci, Cláudia L M Forjaz
Affiliations

Atenolol blunts blood pressure increase during dynamic resistance exercise in hypertensives

Ricardo S Gomides et al. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2010 Nov.

Abstract

Aims: This study was conducted to determine whether atenolol was able to decrease BP level and mitigate BP increase during dynamic resistance exercise performed at three different intensities in hypertensives.

Methods: Ten essential hypertensives (systolic/diastolic BP between 140/90 and 160/105mmHg) were blindly studied after 6 weeks of placebo and atenolol. In each phase, volunteers executed, in a random order, three protocols of knee-extension exercises to fatigue: (i) one set at 100% of 1RM; (ii) three sets at 80% of 1RM; and (iii) three sets at 40% of 1RM. Intra-arterial radial blood pressure was measured throughout the protocols.

Results: Atenolol decreased systolic BP maximum values achieved during the three exercise protocols (100% = 186 ± 4 vs. 215 ± 7, 80% = 224 ± 7 vs. 247 ± 9 and 40% = 223 ± 7 vs. 252 ± 16mmHg, P < 0.05). Atenolol also mitigated an increase in systolic BP in the first set of exercises (100% =+38 ± 5 vs.+54 ± 9; 80% =+68 ± 11 vs. +84 ± 13 and 40% =+69 ± 7 vs.+84 ± 14, mmHg, P < 0.05). Atenolol decreased diastolic BP values and mitigated its increase during exercise performed at 100% of 1RM (126 ± 6 vs. 145 ± 6 and +41 ± 6 vs.+52 ± 6, mmHg, P < 0.05), but not at the other exercise intensities.

Conclusions: Atenolol was effective in both reducing systolic BP maximum values and mitigating BP increase during resistance exercise performed at different intensities in hypertensive subjects.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Systolic blood pressure measured for each heartbeat in one hypertensive patient receiving placebo (solid line with solid circles) and atenolol (dotted line with open circles). Measurements were made before and during the first set of knee-extension exercises performed to failure at 80% of 1 RM
Figure 2
Figure 2
Systolic blood pressure absolute values (SBP) and changes (ΔSBP exercise – pre-exercise) measured pre-exercise (PRE) and during three sets (S1, S2, and S3) and intervals (I1, I2, and I3) of knee-extension resistance exercise performed to failure at 100% (panels A and B), 80% (panels C and D), and 40% (panels E and F) of 1 RM. Measures were taken with subjects receiving placebo (solid line with solid circles or black bars) and atenolol (dotted line with open circles or white bars) in hypertensive subjects. * Significantly different from placebo (P < 0.05). # Significantly different from PRE (P < 0.05). $ Significantly different from S1 (P < 0.05). Data = mean ± SE
Figure 3
Figure 3
Diastolic blood pressure absolute values (DBP) and changes (ΔDBP exercise – pre-exercise) measured pre-exercise (PRE) and during three sets (S1, S2, and S3) and intervals (I1, I2, and I3) of knee-extension resistance exercise performed to failure at 100% (panels A and B), 80% (panels C and D), and 40% (panels E and F) of 1 RM. Measurements were taken with subjects receiving placebo (solid line with solid circles or black bars) and atenolol (dotted line with open circles or white bars) in hypertensive subjects. * Significantly different from placebo (P < 0.05). # Significantly different from PRE (P < 0.05). () Main effect significance in anova. Data = mean ± SE
Figure 4
Figure 4
Heart rate absolute values (HR) and changes (ΔHR exercise – pre-exercise) measured pre-exercise (PRE) and during three sets (S1, S2, and S3) and intervals (I1, I2, and I3) of knee-extension resistance exercise performed to failure at 100% (panels A and B), 80% (panels C and D), and 40% (panels E and F) of 1 RM. Measurements were taken with subjects receiving placebo (solid line with solid circles or black bars) and atenolol (dotted line with open circles or white bars) in hypertensive subjects. * Significantly different from placebo (P < 0.05). # Significantly different from PRE (P < 0.05). () Main effect significance in anova. Data = mean ± SE
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