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. 2010 Nov;126(5):231e-245e.
doi: 10.1097/PRS.0b013e3181eff70e.

Upper and lower eyelid reconstruction

Mark A Codner  1 , Clinton D McCord, Juan Diego Mejia, Don Lalonde
Affiliations

Upper and lower eyelid reconstruction

Mark A Codner et al. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2010 Nov.

Abstract

Reconstruction of the eyelids can range from simple repair to the integration of multiple complex procedures. Knowledge of eyelid anatomy, adequate preoperative planning, and meticulous surgical technique will optimize the anatomical and functional result. The purpose of this article is to review the relevant anatomy for eyelid reconstruction, to simplify defect analysis and preoperative planning, and to provide options for reconstruction of this complex area.

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References

    1. McCord CD, Codner MA. Approach to eyelid reconstruction. In: McCord CD, Codner MA, eds. Eyelid and Periorbital Surgery. St. Louis: Quality Medical; 2008 :495–508.
    1. McCord CD, Codner MA. Management of eyelid trauma. In: McCord CD, Codner MA, eds. Eyelid and Periorbital Surgery. St. Louis: Quality Medical; 2008 :605–626.
    1. McCord CD, Codner MA, Ford D, et al. Lateral canthal anchoring: Special situations. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2005;116:1149–1156.
    1. McCord CD, Codner MA. Classical surgical eyelid anatomy. In: McCord CD, Codner MA, eds. Eyelid and Periorbital Surgery. St. Louis: Quality Medical; 2008 :3–46.
    1. Codner MA, Hanna MK. Applied anatomy of the eyelids and orbit. In: Nahai F, ed. The Art of Aesthetic Surgery: Principles and Techniques. St. Louis: Quality Medical; 2005 :625–650.

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