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Clinical Trial
. 2011 Feb;96(2):231-7.
doi: 10.3324/haematol.2010.031583. Epub 2010 Nov 11.

Prognostic factors for intensive care unit admission, intensive care outcome, and post-intensive care survival in patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia: a single center experience

Peter Schellongowski  1 , Thomas Staudinger, Michael Kundi, Klaus Laczika, Gottfried J Locker, Andja Bojic, Oliver Robak, Valentin Fuhrmann, Ulrich Jäger, Peter Valent, Wolfgang R Sperr
Affiliations
Clinical Trial

Prognostic factors for intensive care unit admission, intensive care outcome, and post-intensive care survival in patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia: a single center experience

Peter Schellongowski et al. Haematologica. 2011 Feb.

Abstract

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia is a life-threatening disease associated with high mortality rates. A substantial number of patients require intensive care. This investigation analyzes risk factors predicting admission to the intensive care unit in patients with acute myeloid leukemia eligible for induction chemotherapy, the outcome of these patients, and prognostic factors predicting their survival.

Design and methods: A total of 406 consecutive patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (15-89 years) were analyzed retrospectively. Markers recorded at the time of diagnosis included karyotype, fibrinogen, C-reactive protein, and Charlson comorbidity index. In patients requiring critical care, the value of the Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, the need for mechanical ventilation, and vasopressor support were recorded at the time of intensive care unit admission. The independent prognostic relevance of the parameters was tested by multivariate analysis.

Results: Sixty-two patients (15.3%) required intensive care, primarily due to respiratory failure (50.0%) or life-threatening bleeding (22.6%). Independent risk factors predicting intensive care unit admission were lower fibrinogen concentration, the presence of an infection, and comorbidity. The survival rate was 45%, with the Simplified Acute Physiology Score II being the only independent prognostic parameter (P<0.05). Survival was inferior in intensive care patients compared to patients not admitted to an intensive care unit. However, no difference between intensive care and non-intensive care patients was found concerning continuous complete remission at 6 years or survival at 6 years in patients who survived the first 30 days after diagnosis (non-intensive care patients: 28%; intensive care patients: 20%, P>0.05).

Conclusions: Ongoing infections, low fibrinogen and comorbidity are predictive for intensive care unit admission in acute myeloid leukemia. Although admission was a risk factor for survival, continuous complete remission and survival of patients alive at day 30 were similar in patients who were admitted or not admitted to an intensive care unit.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). Percentages of ICU patients and non-ICU patients according to Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) risk group.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Kaplan-Meier estimates of survival (A), survival from day 30 after diagnosis (B), and continuous complete remission (C) in non-intensive care unit patients (non-ICU patients) and intensive care unit patients (ICU patients) with AML.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Kaplan-Maier estimates of survival according to Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) risk group.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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