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Review
. 2011 Jan;15(1):14-23.
doi: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2010.01219.x.

MicroRNA-196: critical roles and clinical applications in development and cancer

Changyi Chen  1 , Yuqing Zhang, Lidong Zhang, Sarah M Weakley, Qizhi Yao
Affiliations
Review

MicroRNA-196: critical roles and clinical applications in development and cancer

Changyi Chen et al. J Cell Mol Med. 2011 Jan.

Abstract

The discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs) represents one of the most significant advances in biological and medical sciences in the last decade. Hundreds of miRNAs have been identified in plants, viruses, animals and human beings, and these tiny, non-coding RNA transcripts have been found to play crucial roles in important biological processes involved in human health and disease. Recently, many studies have demonstrated that miR-196 plays critical roles in normal development and in the pathogenesis of human disease processes such as cancer. Several investigations have implemented cell culture and animal models to explore the potential molecular mechanisms of miR-196. This review provides updated information about the structure of the miR-196 gene and the roles of miR-196 in development, cancer and disease formation. Importantly, we discuss the possible molecular mechanisms whereby miR-196 regulates cellular functions including targeting molecules and gene regulation pathways; potential clinical applications are addressed, as well as future directions for investigation. miR-196a may prove to be a novel therapeutic target for several cancers.

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Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1
Locations of human miR-196 genes. Information on human miR-196 genes was obtained from the Ensembl Genome Browser (hppt://www.ensembl.org). The miR-196a-1 gene is located in the region between HOXB9 and HOXB13 on chromosome 17, miR-196a-2 in the region between HOXC10 and HOXC9 on chromosome 12, and miR-196b in the region between HOXA9 and HOXA10 coding on chromosome 7.
Fig 2
Fig 2
Predicted miR-196 target recognition sites in the HOXB8 3′UTR in human beings and other species. The predicted miR-196 target recognition sites in human beings and other species were obtained from the TargetScanHuman 5.1 program (http://www.targetscan.org).
Fig 3
Fig 3
Predicted miR-196 target recognition sites in the HMGA2 3′UTR in human beings and other species.
Fig 4
Fig 4
Predicted miR-196 target recognition sites in the annexin A1 3′UTR in human beings and other species.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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