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. 2011 Jun;23(5):835-43.
doi: 10.1017/S1041610210002085. Epub 2010 Nov 19.

Operationalization of the updated diagnostic algorithm for classifying HIV-related cognitive impairment and dementia

J M Foley  1 , M J Wright, A L Gooding, M Ettenhofer, M Kim, M Choi, S A Castellon, J Sadek, R K Heaton, W G van Gorp, T D Marcotte, C H Hinkin
Affiliations

Operationalization of the updated diagnostic algorithm for classifying HIV-related cognitive impairment and dementia

J M Foley et al. Int Psychogeriatr. 2011 Jun.

Abstract

Background: This study applies the updated HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND) diagnostic algorithm.

Methods: Participants were 210 HIV-infected-adults, classified using proposed HAND criteria: HIV-Associated Dementia (HAD), Mild Neurocognitive Disorder (MND), Asymptomatic Neurocognitive Impairment (ANI).

Results: The algorithm yielded: normal = 32.8%, ANI = 21.4%, MND = 34.3%, and HAD = 11.4%. Normal participants performed superior to HAND-defined participants on cognition, and HAD participants performed more poorly on global cognition and executive functioning. Two distinct subgroups of interest emerged: (1) functional decline without cognitive impairment; (2) severe cognitive impairment and minimal functional compromise.

Conclusions: The algorithm discriminates between HIV-infected cognitively impaired individuals. Diagnosis yields two unique profiles requiring further investigation. Findings largely support the algorithm's utility for diagnosing HIV-cognitive-impairment, but suggest distinct subsets of individuals with discrepant cognitive/functional performances that may not be readily apparent by conventional application of HAND diagnosis.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest

None.

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