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Review
. 2011 Feb;57(2):162-7.
doi: 10.1373/clinchem.2010.148833. Epub 2010 Nov 22.

Therapeutic approaches to target inflammation in type 2 diabetes

Allison B Goldfine  1 , Vivian Fonseca, Steven E Shoelson
Affiliations
Review

Therapeutic approaches to target inflammation in type 2 diabetes

Allison B Goldfine et al. Clin Chem. 2011 Feb.

Abstract

Background: Chronic inflammation may participate in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease and may be a common denominator that links obesity to these disease states.

Content: Epidemiologic studies have linked inflammatory biomarkers to incident diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk. Cellular and animal studies have provided support to the idea that inflammation mediates these disease processes, providing impetus to pharmacologically target these pathways for disease treatment and prevention. We review clinical strategies to target inflammation, with a focus on the antiinflammatory and antihyperglycemic effects of salicylates.

Summary: The evolving concept of diet-induced obesity driving insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease through immunologic processes provides new opportunities for the use of antiinflammatory strategies to correct the metabolic consequences of excess adiposity.

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Conflict of interest statement

Authors’ Disclosures or Potential Conflicts of Interest: Upon manuscript submission, all authors completed the Disclosures of Potential Conflict of Interest form. Potential conflicts of interest:

Employment or Leadership: V. Fonseca, NIH, TINSAL-T2D Trial Steering Committee; A. Goldfine, NIH, TINSAL-T2D Trial Steering Committee and NIH, TINSAL-CVD Trial Steering Committee; S. Shoelson, NIH, TINSAL-T2D Trial Steering Committee and NIH, TINSAL-CVD Trial Steering Committee.

Consultant or Advisory Role: V. Fonseca, Xoma; S.E. Shoelson, Catabasis, Metabolex, Kowa, and Syndexa.

Stock Ownership: None declared.

Honoraria: V. Fonseca, Xoma; S.E. Shoelson, Merck.

Expert Testimony: None declared.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1. Adipocyte cell size and adipose tissue cellular content vary with diet-induced obesity
(Left), Adipose tissue from C57BL/6J mice fed regular chow; infiltrating inflammatory cells are not evident. (Right), Adipose tissue from age- and sex-matched, genetically identical mice fed a diet high in fat. On average, adipocytes are larger, and infiltrating inflammatory cells are readily apparent.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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