Conservative treatment of nonarticular fractures of distal third tibia

Abstract

Introduction: Distal one third tibial fractures can be difficult to manage. Variety of treatment methods have been suggested for these injuries, including conservative treatment, external fixation, intramedullary nailing, and plate fixation. None of these techniques can be considered the "gold standard" for these injuries. The purpose of this prospective study is to evaluate the results of conservative treatment of these fractures.

Methods: Total 39 fractures of distal third of tibia were treated with closed reduction and long leg cast for six to eight weeks followed by PTB cast for six to eight weeks from January 2004 to October 2008. One year follow up was done with 32 patients, eight months follow up with three patients and four patients were lost to follow up.

Results: All the fractures united within six months of duration. Immediate post-reduction average angulation was 3.72 degree in sagital plane and 3.32 degree in coronal plane. Average final angulation was 5.04 degree in sagital plane and 4.32 degree in coronal plane. Average limb length shortening was 6.8 mm. Full range of motion of ankle and knee joint was achieved compared to the normal side by six months of follow up. Though there was displacement of fracture during conservative treatment final outcome was within acceptable limit.

Conclusion: Hence distal one third tibial fractures can be treated conservatively with closed reduction and cast immobilization with numerous advantages over operative methods.