Prognostic value of cytogenetic analysis in clear cell renal carcinoma: a study on 131 patients with long-term follow-up

Abstract

Background and aims: Cytogenetic analysis has a role in diagnosis of conventional renal cell carcinoma, but its role in prognosis is still matter of debate. This study reviews the Authors' experience in cytogenetic analysis of clear cell renal carcinoma.

Patients and methods: Data from 131 patients with clear cell renal carcinoma who underwent cytogenetic analysis of the tumour karyotype at the host institute between 1997 and 2002 were prospectively collected. In all cases, the cytogenetic analysis was carried out by a single experienced geneticist and the morphological features of the neoplasia were evaluated by a single experienced uropathologist.

Results: Patients were followed up for an average period of 67.3 months, median of 73 months, range 12-136 months. The statistical association among chromosome alterations, clinico-pathological features and disease-free survival were investigated. At univariate analysis, symptoms at diagnosis, tumour diameter, Fuhrman's grading, TNM stage and sarcomatoid differentiation were all significantly correlated with survival, whereas among chromosomal abnormalities, deletion of chromosomes 19, 20 and 22 showed a significant impact on survival. At multivariate analysis of these factors, TNM stage and deletion of chromosome 19 maintained an independent and statistically significant association with disease-free survival.

Conclusion: Although these results may be considered as preliminary, it is possible to conclude that the alterations of the tumour karyotype may contribute to determining prognosis of patients with clear cell renal carcinoma.