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. 2011 Apr;119(4):508-13.
doi: 10.1289/ehp.1002203. Epub 2010 Nov 30.

Size-segregated particle number concentrations and respiratory emergency room visits in Beijing, China

Arne Marian Leitte  1 , Uwe Schlink, Olf Herbarth, Alfred Wiedensohler, Xiao-Chuan Pan, Min Hu, Matthia Richter, Birgit Wehner, Thomas Tuch, Zhijun Wu, Minjuan Yang, Liqun Liu, Susanne Breitner, Josef Cyrys, Annette Peters, H-Erich Wichmann, Ulrich Franck
Affiliations

Size-segregated particle number concentrations and respiratory emergency room visits in Beijing, China

Arne Marian Leitte et al. Environ Health Perspect. 2011 Apr.

Abstract

Background: The link between concentrations of particulate matter (PM) and respiratory morbidity has been investigated in numerous studies.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the role of different particle size fractions with respect to respiratory health in Beijing, China.

Methods: Data on particle size distributions from 3 nm to 1 µm; PM10 (PM ≤ 10 µm), nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)), and sulfur dioxide concentrations; and meteorologic variables were collected daily from March 2004 to December 2006. Concurrently, daily counts of emergency room visits (ERV) for respiratory diseases were obtained from the Peking University Third Hospital. We estimated pollutant effects in single- and two-pollutant generalized additive models, controlling for meteorologic and other time-varying covariates. Time-delayed associations were estimated using polynomial distributed lag, cumulative effects, and single lag models.

Results: Associations of respiratory ERV with NO(2) concentrations and 100-1,000 nm particle number or surface area concentrations were of similar magnitude-that is, approximately 5% increase in respiratory ERV with an interquartile range increase in air pollution concentration. In general, particles < 50 nm were not positively associated with ERV, whereas particles 50-100 nm were adversely associated with respiratory ERV, both being fractions of ultrafine particles. Effect estimates from two-pollutant models were most consistent for NO(2).

Conclusions: Present levels of air pollution in Beijing were adversely associated with respiratory ERV. NO(2) concentrations seemed to be a better surrogate for evaluating overall respiratory health effects of ambient air pollution than PM(10) or particle number concentrations in Beijing.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Map of Beijing, the study area, with administrative (outline) and urban (inner area) area, Haidian district (grey), and measurement stations.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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