Intersectin multidomain adaptor proteins: regulation of functional diversity

Abstract

Adaptor/scaffold proteins serve as platforms for the assembly of multiprotein complexes and regulate the efficiency and specificity of signalling cascades. Intersectins (ITSNs) are an evolutionarily conserved adaptor protein family engaged in endo- and exocytosis, actin cytoskeleton rearrangement and signal transduction. This review summarizes recent advances in the function of ITSNs in neuronal and non-neuronal cells, the role of alternative splicing and alternative transcription in regulating the structural and functional diversity of ITSNs, their expression patterns in different tissues and during development, their interactions with proteins, as well as the potential relevance of ITSNs for neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. The diversity of mechanisms in the regulation of ITSN expression and specificity in different cells emphasizes the important role of ITSN proteins in vesicle trafficking and signalling.