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. 2011 Jan 1;203(1):13-7.
doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiq005.

Dual resistance to adamantanes and oseltamivir among seasonal influenza A(H1N1) viruses: 2008-2010

Tiffany G Sheu  1 , Alicia M Fry, Rebecca J Garten, Varough M Deyde, Thein Shwe, Lesley Bullion, Patrick J Peebles, Yan Li, Alexander I Klimov, Larisa V Gubareva
Affiliations

Dual resistance to adamantanes and oseltamivir among seasonal influenza A(H1N1) viruses: 2008-2010

Tiffany G Sheu et al. J Infect Dis. .

Abstract

Two distinct genetic clades of seasonal influenza A(H1N1) viruses have cocirculated in the recent seasons: clade 2B oseltamivir-resistant and adamantane-susceptible viruses, and clade 2C viruses that are resistant to adamantanes and susceptible to oseltamivir. We tested seasonal influenza A(H1N1) viruses collected in 2008-2010 from the United States and globally for resistance to antivirals approved by the Food and Drug Administration. We report 28 viruses with both adamantane and oseltamivir (dual) resistance from 5 countries belonging to 4 distinct genotypes. Because of limited options for antiviral treatment, emergence of dual-resistant influenza viruses poses a public health concern, and their circulation needs to be closely monitored.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Summary of genotypes of dual-resistant seasonal influenza A(H1N1) viruses detected by full genome analysis, 2008–2010. Clade 2B genes are indicated by blue rectangles, and clade 2C genes are indicated by green rectangles. Oseltamivir resistance is indicated by a red solid outline. Adamantane resistance in the clade 2B M gene is indicated by a red dashed outline. Adamantane resistance in the clade 2C M gene is indicated by a red dotted outline. Reassortant genotypes are indicated by the bracket.
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