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Comparative Study
. 2011 Sep;41(9):1256-66.
doi: 10.1007/s10803-010-1157-x.

Diagnosing autism spectrum disorders in adults: the use of Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) module 4

Jojanneke A Bastiaansen  1 , Harma Meffert, Simone Hein, Petra Huizinga, Cees Ketelaars, Marieke Pijnenborg, Arnold Bartels, Ruud Minderaa, Christian Keysers, Annelies de Bildt
Affiliations
Comparative Study

Diagnosing autism spectrum disorders in adults: the use of Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) module 4

Jojanneke A Bastiaansen et al. J Autism Dev Disord. 2011 Sep.

Abstract

Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) module 4 was investigated in an independent sample of high-functioning adult males with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) compared to three specific diagnostic groups: schizophrenia, psychopathy, and typical development. ADOS module 4 proves to be a reliable instrument with good predictive value. It can adequately discriminate ASD from psychopathy and typical development, but is less specific with respect to schizophrenia due to behavioral overlap between autistic and negative symptoms. However, these groups differ on some core items and explorative analyses indicate that a revision of the algorithm in line with Gotham et al. (J Autism Dev Disord 37: 613-627, 2007) could be beneficial for discriminating ASD from schizophrenia.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Between-group Comparisons at Item Level. Post-hoc comparisons of the ASD group versus the other three groups at item level (S schizophrenia, P psychopathy, TD typical development). Dark grey boxes filled with *** represent a statistically significant difference at p < .001. Middle grey boxes filled with ** represent a statistically significant difference at p < .01. Light grey boxes filled with * represent a statistically significant difference at p < .05. Unfilled light grey boxes represent a statistical trend (p < .1). In all these cases, the mean of the ASD group was higher compared to the respective group
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