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Multicenter Study
. 2011 Aug;108(4):539-45.
doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2010.09912.x. Epub 2010 Dec 16.

Contemporary outcomes of 2287 patients with bladder cancer who were treated with radical cystectomy: a Canadian multicentre experience

Faysal A Yafi  1 , Armen G Aprikian, Joseph L Chin, Yves Fradet, Jonathan Izawa, Eric Estey, Adrian Fairey, Ricardo Rendon, Ilias Cagiannos, Louis Lacombe, Jean-Baptiste Lattouf, David Bell, Darrel Drachenberg, Wassim Kassouf
Affiliations
Multicenter Study

Contemporary outcomes of 2287 patients with bladder cancer who were treated with radical cystectomy: a Canadian multicentre experience

Faysal A Yafi et al. BJU Int. 2011 Aug.

Abstract

Study Type -Therapy (case series).

Level of evidence: 4.

Objective: To evaluate data obtained from a large, multi-institutional, contemporary series of patients who underwent radical cystectomy (RC) in a universal healthcare system aiming to assess outcome and identify novel prognostic variables.

Materials and methods: Data were collected and pooled from 2287 patients treated with RC between 1998 and 2008 by urological oncologists from eight Canadian academic centres. Collected variables included various clinicopathological parameters, recurrence and death. Survival and prognostic variables were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis.

Results: The median age of patients was 68 years with a mean (median) follow-up time of 35 (29) months. The 30, 60 and 90-day postoperative mortality rates were 1.3%, 2.6% and 3.2%, respectively. The 5-year overall, recurrence-free and cancer-specific survival was 57%, 48% and 67%, respectively, with a local recurrence rate of 6%. Pathological stage distribution was <pT2N0, n = 498 (23%); pT2N0, n = 365 (17%); pT3N0, n = 463 (21%); pT4N0, n = 170 (8%); and pTxN+, n = 507 (23%). Only 3.1% of patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and 19.4% received adjuvant chemotherapy. On multivariate analysis, lower pathological stage, negative surgical margins, receipt of adjuvant chemotherapy, performance of pelvic lymphadenectomy and an absence of smoking were associated with prolonged disease-specific and overall survival.

Conclusions: RC performed at academic centres provides excellent local control of disease and an acceptable clinical outcome with low perioperative mortality in patients who are treated within a universal healthcare system. Smoking, pelvic lymphadenectomy and receipt of adjuvant chemotherapy are independent prognostic factors for survival. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy continues to be under-utilized in Canada.

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