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Review
. 2011 Apr;23(2):167-72.
doi: 10.1097/MOP.0b013e3283423e6b.

The new bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Alan H Jobe  1
Affiliations
Review

The new bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Alan H Jobe. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2011 Apr.

Abstract

Purpose of review: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains the most common severe complication of preterm birth. A number of recent animal models and clinical studies provide new information about pathophysiology and treatment.

Recent findings: The epidemiology of BPD continues to demonstrate that birth weight and gestational age are most predictive of BPD. Correlations of BPD with chorioamnionitis are clouded by the complexity of the fetal exposures to inflammation. Excessive oxygen use in preterm infants can increase the risk of BPD but low saturation targets may increase death. Numerous recent trials demonstrate that many preterm infants can be initially stabilized after delivery with continuous positive airway response (CPAP) and then be selectively treated with surfactant for respiratory distress syndrome. The growth of the lungs of the infant with BPD through childhood remains poorly characterized.

Summary: Recent experiences in neonatology suggest that combining less invasive care strategies that avoid excessive oxygen and ventilation, decrease postnatal infections, and optimize nutrition may decrease the incidence and severity of BPD.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Percent of population of 9575 infants categorized as to severity of BPD based on the 2000 NIH conference definition. 68% of these infants had BPD. Severity of BPD decreased as gestational age increased. Data abstracted from Stoll, et al., Pediatrics, 2010: 126, 443–456 (Reference #4).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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    1. Kramer BW, Kallapur S, Newnham J, Jobe AH. Prenatal inflammation and lung development. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 2009;14:2–7. - PMC - PubMed

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