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Review
. 2011 Mar;8(1):45-53.
doi: 10.1007/s11904-010-0069-x.

Coreceptors and HIV-1 pathogenesis

Paul R Gorry  1 , Petronela Ancuta
Affiliations
Review

Coreceptors and HIV-1 pathogenesis

Paul R Gorry et al. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2011 Mar.

Abstract

The major HIV-1 coreceptors, CCR5 and CXCR4, mediate virus entry into CD4+ cells and are therefore a critical component of the HIV-1 life cycle. Alterations in coreceptor preference as well as the efficiency and mechanism of interaction between HIV-1 and CCR5 and/or CXCR4 has a significant influence on viral tropism, progression of disease, and response to coreceptor antagonists. In addition, these alterations influence the susceptibility of CD4+ T-cell, monocyte, and dendritic cell subsets to infection and therefore, are important for several facets of HIV-1 pathogenesis including the establishment of latent reservoirs, trafficking, and transmission. This review highlights recent literature that has advanced our understanding of the role of coreceptors in HIV-1 pathogenesis.

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