Efficacy of low dose spironolactone in chronic kidney disease with resistant hypertension

Abstract

To determine the antihypertensive benefit of adding low dose sprinolactone to multi-drug regimens that included a diuretic, a calcium channel blocker and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker in patients with moderately severe chronic kidney disease (CKD) [glomerular filtration rate (GFR) 25-50 mL/min] and resistant hyper-tension, we studied 41 patients randomly divided into two groups: group 1: patients who received placebo as spironolactone and group 2: patients who received spironolactone 25-50 mg/day. The patients were evaluated during follow-up at the 6th and 12th weeks. The mean decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure after 6 weeks of spironolactone was 33 ± 8 and 13 ± 2 mmHg, respectively, and it was maintained after 12 weeks of spironolactone wherein the values were 36 ± 10 and 12 ± 2 mmHg, respectively, while there was no change in the blood pressure in the control group. Hyperkalemia (serum potassium >5.5 meq/L) occurred in one subject in the spironolactone group. We conclude that low-dose spironolactone may provide a significant additive blood pressure reduction in CKD patients (stage 2 and 3) with resistant hypertension.