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. 2011:2011:239021.
doi: 10.1155/2011/239021. Epub 2010 Dec 1.

Clinical characteristics of tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in North Indian population of HIV/AIDS patients receiving HAART

Suman Karmakar  1 , Surendra K Sharma, Richa Vashishtha, Abhishek Sharma, Sanjay Ranjan, Deepak Gupta, Vishnubhatla Sreenivas, Sanjeev Sinha, Ashutosh Biswas, Vinay Gulati
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Clinical characteristics of tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in North Indian population of HIV/AIDS patients receiving HAART

Suman Karmakar et al. Clin Dev Immunol. 2011.

Abstract

Background & objective: IRIS is an important complication that occurs during management of HIV-TB coinfection and it poses difficulty in diagnosis. Previous studies have reported variable incidence of IRIS. The present study was undertaken to describe the pattern of TB-associated IRIS using recently proposed consensus case-definitions for TB-IRIS for its use in resource-limited settings.

Methods: A prospective analysis of ART-naïve adults started on HAART from November, 2008 to May, 2010 was done in a tertiary care hospital in north India. A total 224 patients divided into two groups, one with HIV-TB and the other with HIV alone, were followedup for a minimum period of 3 months. The diagnosis of TB was categorised as ''definitive" and ''probable".

Results: Out of a total of 224 patients, 203 completed followup. Paradoxical TB-IRIS occurred in 5 of 123 (4%) HIV-TB patients while 6 of 80 (7.5%) HIV patients developed ART-associated TB. A reduction in plasma viral load was significantly (P = .016) associated with paradoxical TB-IRIS. No identifiable risk factors were associated with the development of ART-associated TB.

Conclusion: The consensus case-definitions are useful tools in the diagnosis of TB-associated IRIS. High index of clinical suspicion is required for an early diagnosis.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Study profile. HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; TB: tuberculosis; IRIS: immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome; PMLE: progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy; HZ: herpes zoster; CMV: cytomegalovirus; Crypto: cryptococcal meningitis.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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