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. 2011 Mar;81(2):270-6.
doi: 10.2319/021710-99.1.

A histochemical study on condylar cartilage and glenoid fossa during mandibular advancement

Payam Owtad  1 , Zoe Potres, Gang Shen, Peter Petocz, M Ali Darendeliler
Affiliations

A histochemical study on condylar cartilage and glenoid fossa during mandibular advancement

Payam Owtad et al. Angle Orthod. 2011 Mar.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate cellular hypertrophic activities in the mandibular condylar cartilage (MCC) and the glenoid fossa (GF) during mandibular advancement in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) of Sprague-Dawley rats, as evidenced by fibroblast growth factor 8 (FGF8).

Methods and materials: Fifty-five female 24-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four experimental and control groups, with a mandibular advancement appliance on the experimental rats' lower incisors. The rats were euthanized on days 3, 14, 21, and 30 of the study, and their TMJ was prepared for a immunohistochemical staining procedure to detect FGF8.

Results: FGF8 expression was significantly higher among the experimental rats (P = .002). Patterns of ascension and descension of FGF8 expression were similar in experimental and control samples. The results show an overall enhanced osteogenic transition occurring in both the MCC and the GF in experimental rats in comparison with controls. The level of cellular changes in the MCC is remarkably higher than in the GF.

Conclusion: In the MCC and the GF, cellular morphologic and hypertrophic differentiations increase significantly during mandibular advancement. It is also concluded that endochondral ossification in the MCC and intramembranous ossification in the GF occur during adaptive remodeling.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Bite jumping appliance. Normal incisal relationship in control rats. The bite jumping appliance is adjusted on the lower incisors of experimental rats to move their mandible into a forward position during rest and function.
Figure 2
Figure 2
FGF8 in the MCC and the GF. Photograph of a female Sprague-Dawley rat's TMJ (A) shows the anatomic relationship of the condyle (A-MCC) and the articular fossa (A-GF), and the arrow (A) shows the direction of forward-downward displacement of the condyle during mandibular advancement. Photomicrographs show immunostaining for FGF8 expressed in the glenoid fossa of another experimental sample (27-day-old rat, wearing bite jumping appliance for 3 days) (B, C, and D) and the mandibular condylar cartilage of an experimental sample (38-day-old rat, wearing bite jumping appliance for 14 days) (E, F, and G).
Figure 3
Figure 3
FGF8c and FGFgf: diagram for experimental rats vs controls on different experiment days. In this diagram, the means of the numbers of FGF8-immunopositive cells in the mandibular condylar cartilage (FGF8c) and in the glenoid fossa (FGF8gf) are compared in experimental and control rats on different experiment days.
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