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. 2011 Mar;34(3):681-5.
doi: 10.2337/dc10-2134. Epub 2011 Feb 2.

Impaired endothelial function in preadolescent children with type 1 diabetes

Ghufran S Babar  1 , Hanaa Zidan, Michael E Widlansky, Emon Das, Raymond G Hoffmann, Marwan Daoud, Ramin Alemzadeh
Affiliations

Impaired endothelial function in preadolescent children with type 1 diabetes

Ghufran S Babar et al. Diabetes Care. 2011 Mar.

Abstract

Objective: We evaluated the prevalence of endothelial dysfunction as measured by flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) of the brachial artery and carotid intima-media thickness (c-IMT) in relationship to vascular inflammatory biomarkers in preadolescent children with type 1 diabetes.

Research design and methods: We studied 21 type 1 diabetic children (aged 8.3 ± 0.3 years with diabetes duration of 4.3 ± 0.4 years) and 15 group-matched healthy siblings (aged 7.6 ± 0.3 years). Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), lipid profile, HbA(1c), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), fibrinogen, homocysteine, and erythrocyte (red blood cell [RBC]) folate were evaluated in all subjects. Each subject underwent c-IMT and brachial artery FMD percentage (FMD%) measurements using high-resolution vascular ultrasound.

Results: Type 1 diabetic children had higher FPG (173.4 ± 7.9 mg/dL vs. 81.40 ± 1.7 mg/dL; P < 0.0001), HbA(1c) (8.0 ± 0.2% vs. 5.0 ± 0.1%; P < 0.0001), and hs-CRP (1.8 ± 0.3 vs. 0.70 ± 0.2; P = 0.017) than control children without significant differences in BMI, homocysteine, and fibrinogen levels; RBC folate content; and c-IMT between the groups. Children with type 1 diabetes had lower FMD% than control children (7.1 ± 0.8% vs. 9.8 ± 1.1%; P = 0.04), whereas c-IMT did not differ between groups.

Conclusions: Preadolescent children with type 1 diabetes and mean diabetes duration of 4 years displayed evidence of low-intensity vascular inflammation and attenuated FMD measurements. These data suggest that endothelial dysfunction and systemic inflammation, known harbingers of future cardiovascular risk, are present even in preadolescent children.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Evaluation of endothelial function in type 1 diabetic (T1DM) and control subjects. A: Change in FMD%, *P = 0.04. B: c-IMT in type 1 diabetic and control subjects, P = 0.98.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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