Complete genome sequence of Desulfotomaculum acetoxidans type strain (5575)

Abstract

Desulfotomaculum acetoxidans Widdel and Pfennig 1977 was one of the first sulfate-reducing bacteria known to grow with acetate as sole energy and carbon source. It is able to oxidize substrates completely to carbon dioxide with sulfate as the electron acceptor, which is reduced to hydrogen sulfide. All available data about this species are based on strain 5575(T), isolated from piggery waste in Germany. Here we describe the features of this organism, together with the complete genome sequence and annotation. This is the first completed genome sequence of a Desulfotomaculum species with validly published name. The 4,545,624 bp long single replicon genome with its 4370 protein-coding and 100 RNA genes is a part of the Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea project.

Keywords: Clostridiales; Firmicutes; Peptococcaceae; hydrogen sulfide; mesophile; motile; obligate anaerobic; piggery waste; sporulating; sulfate-reducer.

Figure 1

Phylogenetic tree highlighting the position of D. acetoxidans strain 5575^T relative to all type strains of the genus Desulfotomaculum, and the closely related genera Cryptanaerobacter, Desulfurispora, Pelotomaculum and Sporotomaculum, which appear to be nested within the paraphyletic genus Desulfotomaculum. The tree was inferred from 1294 aligned characters [5,6] of the 16S rRNA sequence under the maximum likelihood criterion [7] and rooted with the type strain of the type species of the family Peptococcaceae. The branches are scaled in terms of the expected number of substitutions per site. Numbers above branches are support values from 1000 bootstrap replicates if larger than 60%. Lineages with type strain genome sequencing projects registered in GOLD [8] are shown in blue, published genomes in bold.

Figure 2

Scanning electron micrograph of vegetative cells of D. acetoxidans strain 5575^T (Manfred Rohde, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig)

Figure 3

Graphical circular map of the genome. From outside to the center: Genes on forward strand (color by COG categories), Genes on reverse strand (color by COG categories), RNA genes (tRNAs green, rRNAs red, other RNAs black), GC content, GC skew.